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The Basht area is located south of Kuh-e-Giluyah and Boyer-Ahmad Province. This geographic unit has been one of the most influential areas in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad and west of Fars for more than two centuries. Although the remnants of the works remained in different periods, it was certified as the historical date of the region, but the emergence of the political power of this geographical unit began in Kohgiluyeh of Nadri period and with the appointment of the ruler of the area by Karim Khan Zand was officially recognized as the governor of Kuh-e-Giluyah province. From this time on, the Basht played a very important role in political-historical equations in the south of the country until the end of the Pahlavi period. The present research problem is the study and explanation of the historical geography of the Basht in the studied period and It has been shown in a descriptive-analytical way and an explanation of statistical data that Political games of power, regional disputes, the emergence of illnesses and the discovery of oil were the most important factors influencing the historical geography of the region.